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Closing Argument
A closing argument is each side’s final speech to the jury or judge, summarizing the evidence and explaining why they should win.
What it actually is
It occurs at the end of a trial, after all evidence has been presented and before the jury begins its deliberations. Each side gets an opportunity to highlight the facts that support its case and to point out weaknesses in the opposing party’s evidence, but no new evidence may be introduced during the argument.
Why it matters in your case
This is your last chance to persuade the decision‑maker, so it can heavily influence the outcome if done effectively. A poor or unfocused closing argument can undermine an otherwise strong case, while a clear, compelling one can reinforce key points and address doubts.
The common misunderstanding
Many people confuse closing arguments with opening statements: an opening previews what the evidence will show, while a closing argues what the evidence actually did show. Another common error is thinking you can argue facts not in evidence—this is prohibited and can lead to a mistrial or objections.
Get the actual rule
Definitions are orientation; rules are authority
This page explains the concept. When it matters to your case, read the rule that governs it in your court — we hold Texas, federal and Washington court rules word for word, and every state's official resources are on the state pages. If someone cites a case at you, check that it exists first.
Related
Terms that travel with this one
General explanation, not legal advice, and not specific to any state — procedures and deadlines vary by jurisdiction and court. If you can get a lawyer or free legal aid, do: every real option.