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Motion To Compel
A motion to compel is a formal request asking a judge to order the other side to provide evidence or information they have withheld during the discovery process.
What it actually is
In a lawsuit, both parties exchange relevant documents and answer written questions before trial. If one side fails to produce requested evidence or gives incomplete or evasive answers, the other side files this motion, which asks the court to enforce the disclosure rules. The judge then decides whether to order the non-compliant party to produce the missing material.
Why it matters in your case
Without this motion, a party could simply refuse to hand over critical documents or facts, giving them an unfair advantage. It gives you a way to force compliance so you have the evidence needed to prove your case or defend yourself at trial.
The common misunderstanding
Many people think filing a motion to compel is automatic after someone refuses a request, but you usually must first try to resolve the issue informally—often through a meet-and-confer—before the court will consider the motion. Filing too early or without a proper attempt can lead to denial or sanctions.
Get the actual rule
Definitions are orientation; rules are authority
This page explains the concept. When it matters to your case, read the rule that governs it in your court — we hold Texas, federal and Washington court rules word for word, and every state's official resources are on the state pages. If someone cites a case at you, check that it exists first.
Related
Terms that travel with this one
General explanation, not legal advice, and not specific to any state — procedures and deadlines vary by jurisdiction and court. If you can get a lawyer or free legal aid, do: every real option.